高二英語(yǔ) Lesson 49

1. Four American students are comparing notes on famous people. 四個(gè)學(xué)生正在談?wù)撝?zhù)名的科學(xué)家. compare notes exchange ideas or opinions 談?wù)�；交換意見(jiàn)/看法；對筆記；例如：The students often compare notes after class. 學(xué)生們下課后經(jīng)常對筆記. Mother and Aunt Liu like to compare notes about cooking. 媽媽和劉阿姨喜歡就烹調交換意見(jiàn). compare…with… 將……與……作比較; compare…to… 將……比著(zhù)……; compare with / to… 與……相比; 例如：If we compare the new China with the old China, we can see what great changes have taken place since liberation. 如果我們把新中國與舊中國加以比較，我們就能看出解放以來(lái)發(fā)生了多么巨大的變化. He compares books to friends. 他把書(shū)籍比著(zhù)朋友. London is large, compared to / with Paris. 與巴黎相比，倫敦大一些.（相比較的形容詞必須用原級而不用比較級）

2. I’m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. 我在猜報紙上的字謎. do a word puzzle do a puzzle in words 猜字謎，短語(yǔ)中的puzzle 是名詞. a thing that is difficult to understand or answer 例如：The murder case was a puzzle to the police. 這件謀殺案對警察當局來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)謎. It is a puzzle to me how he could know it. 我不清楚他是怎么知道這件事的. puzzle 也可用著(zhù)動(dòng)詞. make you think a lot because you don’t understand 例如：This question puzzled all of us. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題難倒了我們所有的人. I was puzzled by his problem and I didn’t know how to answer it. 我被他的問(wèn)題難住了不知道怎么回答.

3. That fits the puzzle. 這才符合謎底. fit vi. /vt. be the right shape and size for sth. / sb. 例如：This coat fits me well. 這件外套正合身. We will fit the new suit on you. 我們馬上給你試穿新衣服. He fitted a new lock on the door. 他給門(mén)安裝了一把新鎖. adj. be fit for sth. / be fit to do sth. 例如： He is fit for the job / position. 他適合于干這項工作. If we go on polluting the world, it won’t be fit to live in. 如果我們繼續污染地球，它就不適合我們居住了.

4. What did he do? = What was he? 用于詢(xún)問(wèn)某人的身份或職業(yè)，意思為“他是干什么的？” 回答可以用 be + 名詞，或者用行為動(dòng)詞 + 其他成分，例如：---What does he he do? ---Let me see. Oh, he is a doctor. / he works in a hospital. ---他是干什么的？ ---我來(lái)瞧瞧. 哦，他是個(gè)醫生.

5. Read the following and tell your classmates who they are .

A. The man was born in 1847. He was one of the greatest inventors of American history.

He got more than 1000 patents(專(zhuān)利) for his inventions. He sold newspapers on a train when he was very young. He died in 1931. on the evening of the day of his burial, millions of lights all across the United States were put out for one minute at 10 o’clock in honour of him.

B. He is generally known as one of the greatest scientists of all time. Only Albert Einstein,

perhaps, enjoys equal fame. He was born in 1642 in England. He developed the idea of universal gravitation. In his most famous book, <<Principles of Natural Philosophy>>, he explains his ideas on the universe, and give his famous three laws of motion.

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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語(yǔ) Unit 13

Lesson 50

1. By the time he was fourteen years old, he had had learned maths all by himself. 到了14 歲的時(shí)候，他就已經(jīng)自學(xué)了數學(xué). by oneself alone, without help 例如: He did it all by himself. 他自己做了那件事. The clock stopped by itself. 鐘自己停了.

2. All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone, although he married twice and had lots of close friends. 雖然他結過(guò)兩次婚，也有許多親密的朋友，但是在整個(gè)一生中，他愿意單獨度過(guò)他的大部分時(shí)光. content adj. feeling satisfaction 滿(mǎn)意的; 愿意的; be content to do sth. / be content with sth. be willing or ready to do sth. 例如: Tom is content with the result of the exam. 湯姆對考試的結果滿(mǎn)意. I’m well content to do so. 我愿意干那樣的事情. ***形容詞content 用well來(lái)修飾而不用very來(lái)修飾. content vt. to satisfy sb. 使……滿(mǎn)足; 例如: We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我們決不能僅僅滿(mǎn)足于書(shū)本上的知識. Simple praise is enough to content him. 簡(jiǎn)單的幾句贊美的話(huà)就足以使他心滿(mǎn)意足了.

3. With the pay that he received and saved, he went on with his studies at university, where he received a doctor’s degree in 1905. 用他掙來(lái)的工資和積存的錢(qián)，他繼續讀大學(xué)，并于1905年獲得博士學(xué)位. go on with sth. to continue an activity, especially after a break. 繼續, 尤指中斷后再繼續 例如: After a while, he went on with the work. 過(guò)了一會(huì )兒他繼續干活. If we don’t finish the work today, we can go on with it tomorrow.

6. …h(huán)e began his research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics. 他開(kāi)始進(jìn)行了使他在物理學(xué)方面獲得新發(fā)現的研究工作. lead to 導致; 通向; 例如: Eating too much fat can lead to heart disease. 吃太多的脂肪會(huì )導致心臟疾病. Hard work leads to wealth / success. 辛勤勞動(dòng)導致成功 / 帶來(lái)財富.

7. At the end of the First World War in 1918, Einstein received worldwide praise for his scientific research. 1918年第一次世界大戰結束的時(shí)候，愛(ài)因斯坦的科學(xué)研究受到了世界范圍的廣泛贊揚. worldwide 世界范圍的; schoolwide 全校范圍的; 合成形容詞: 再如: world–famous; ice-cold; snow-white;

8. In 1933 Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA. 1933年愛(ài)因斯坦和他的家人離開(kāi)歐洲前往美國. leave … for … 離開(kāi)……前往……; leave for … 到……去; 例如: Mr. Johnson left for Skanghai yesterday. 約翰遜先生昨天動(dòng)身去上海了. ***leave后面跟 for而不是to. 在英語(yǔ)中, 表示 “往,來(lái)” 的動(dòng)詞, 如go, come, return 等后面的介詞用to; 表示 “離開(kāi), 起行” 的動(dòng)詞, 如 leave, sail, start, head 等后面的介詞不用to 而要用for. 例如: They headed straight for the West Park. 他們直奔西公園而去. We started for the cotton field early in the morning. 那天早上我們很早就動(dòng)身去了棉田.

9. Besides his work in physics, he spent a lot of time working for human rights and progress. 除了在物理學(xué)方面的工作之外，他還花了大量的時(shí)間為人權和人類(lèi)的進(jìn)步而工作. human rights 人權 right n. 正義; 公理 例如: He is too young to know the difference between right and wrong. 他太小了還不能分辨是非. rights 權利 例如: Women must stand up and fight for their rights. 婦女們應該奮起為自己的權利而斗爭.

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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語(yǔ) Unit 13

Lesson 51

1. Before Einstein, scientists believed that light travelled through space in a straight line. 在愛(ài)因斯坦之前，科學(xué)家們認為光是以直線(xiàn)穿過(guò)太空的. space 太空; 宇宙空間.(不可數名詞) 不加冠詞. 例如: The earth moves through space. 地球在太空中運行. The universe exsits in space. 宇宙存在于太空中運行. 空間; 空地. Have you got enough space to work in? 你有足夠的地方工作嗎?

2. But Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the star was bent as it passed the sun. 然而愛(ài)因斯坦卻能證明從恒星來(lái)的光線(xiàn)當其經(jīng)過(guò)太陽(yáng)的時(shí)候變彎曲了. prove vt. 證明; 例如: Who can prove it? 誰(shuí)能證明這件事情? This will prove to the world that we are right. 這將向全世界證明我們是正確的. Can you prove where you were on May 10th? 你能證明五月十日那天你在哪兒?jiǎn)? link-v. 證明是; 事實(shí)表明. History proved them wrong. 歷史證明他們錯了. His advice proved very helpful. 他的建議證明很有幫助的. She proved a very strict teacher. 事實(shí)證明她是一位嚴格的老師.

3. …h(huán)e could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved. 他還能把恒星看上去移動(dòng)了的距離也計算了出來(lái). appear link-v. 似乎是 后接動(dòng)詞不定式或形容詞做表語(yǔ). 例如: He appeared to be very friendly with us. 他對我們顯得很友好. You appear to have read the book. 看起來(lái)你曾讀過(guò)這本書(shū). It appears + that 從句 例如: It appears that he is satisfied with the work. 看起來(lái)他對這項工作挺滿(mǎn)意的. appear與seem的區別: appear給人以外表印象, 含有實(shí)際上并非如此之意; seem判斷接近于事實(shí). 比較下面的兩個(gè)句子: He appears quite young. (他實(shí)際上并不年輕) He seems quite young. (他的確看上去很年輕)

4. But Eistein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research. 但他堅持他的觀(guān)點(diǎn)并且繼續不斷的進(jìn)行他的研究. stick to sth. 堅持; 堅守(原則, 計劃, 決定, 意見(jiàn), 諾言); 堅持干某事; 例如: Don’t stick to your opinion. 不要堅持己見(jiàn). He sticks to his ideal. 他忠實(shí)于自己的理想. 對比insist on 堅持(主張, 看法); 例如: He insisted on his correctness. 他堅持認為自己是正確的. They insisted on leaving right away. 他們堅持要馬上走.

5. From that time on Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist of the century. 從那時(shí)起，愛(ài)因斯坦倍受尊敬，被公認為本世紀最杰出的科學(xué)家. 1). respect sb. as… 將某人作為……來(lái)尊敬; respect sb. for… 因為……而尊敬某人; 例如: We repected her as a good teacher. 我們把她作為一位優(yōu)秀的好老師而尊敬她. She was respected by her students for her good teaching. 她因為教學(xué)好而受到尊敬. 2). leading adj. 主要的 例如：Who is the leading actor in the film? 誰(shuí)是這部電影的男主角？China is now playing a leading role in the economy of Asian and the Pacific areas. 中國正在亞太地區經(jīng)濟中發(fā)揮著(zhù)重要作用.

6. As Switzerland did not take sides in the war. 因為瑞士在大戰中沒(méi)有支持任何一方. take sides to support sb. 站在……一方 例如：You mustn’t take sides in the argument. 你絕不可以偏袒爭吵中的任何一方. Please take sides with me. 請站在我這邊. take the side of sb. = take one’s side = stand on one’s side.

7. What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. 他想要看到的是，世界上

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的一切軍隊全都消亡. end n. 終點(diǎn)；末端；盡頭. cigarette ends 煙頭; at the end of 在……盡頭; the end of the year 年底; make ends meet 收支相抵; bring …to an end 結束, 完成, 終止; for / to this end 為此; 為了達到這一目的; gain / achieve / obtain / reach / win one’s end 達到目標; an end to … ……的結束; 例如: The Chinese strongly demand an end to all unequal treaties. 中國人民強烈要求廢除一切不平等條約.

8. When Germany was ruled by Hitler in the early 1930s, …. 在20世紀30年代初期希特勒統治著(zhù)德國的時(shí)候. rule vt.統治, 控制. n. 規則, 統治; 例如：We hope that our governmentwill rule with justice. 我們希望我們的政府能夠公正治國. The United States has been trying to maintain their leading rule in the world.

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<<陳老師課堂>>重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 高二英語(yǔ) Unit 13

Lesson 52

1. By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had already taught himself advanced mathematics . 到了14 歲的時(shí)候，愛(ài)因斯坦就已經(jīng)自學(xué)了高等數學(xué). advance vi./ vt. 推進(jìn); 促進(jìn); 前進(jìn); 例如： His work advanced the science of physics. 他的工作促進(jìn)了物理學(xué)的發(fā)展. A month has passed and the work has not advanced. 一個(gè)月過(guò)去了 而工作卻毫無(wú)進(jìn)展. We are advancing along the socialist road. 我們正沿著(zhù)社會(huì )主義道路前進(jìn). advanced先進(jìn)的; 高級的; 例如：an advanced worker 先進(jìn)工作者; an advanced engineer高工; advanced mathematics 高等數學(xué).

2. He studied hard and took his degree at the end of his course 他勤奮學(xué)習并且在課程結束時(shí)獲得了學(xué)位. course n. 過(guò)程; 進(jìn)程; 課程; 一道菜; in the course of discussion 在討論期間; a short-term course 短訓班; radio course in English 英語(yǔ)廣播講座. We had four courses for dinner this evening. 今晚我們吃了四道菜.

language Study:

Noun Clauses as the Subject (主語(yǔ)從句)

主語(yǔ)從句在復合句中做全句的主語(yǔ). 引導主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有that; whether; who; what;

which; when; where; how; why . 引導主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞不能省略. 請注意下面的例句:

1. That she was chosen made us very happy. 她的當選使我們很高興.

2. Who will go there is not very important. 誰(shuí)將去那兒并不重要.

3. What we need is more time. 我們所需要的是更多的時(shí)間.

4. When they will start has not been decided yet. 他們何時(shí)動(dòng)身還沒(méi)有決定.

5. Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪兒還不知道

6. How he became a scientist is known to all. 大家都知道他是怎樣成為一位科學(xué)家的.

上述例句中的主語(yǔ)從句都放在句首. 但有時(shí)主語(yǔ)從句放在句首, 會(huì )使句子顯得笨重, 特別是主語(yǔ)從句太長(cháng)時(shí). 因此我們常用it做形式主語(yǔ), 而把主語(yǔ)從句放到句子的后面去. 例如:

7. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 真遺憾她犯了這樣一個(gè)錯誤.

8. It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday. 真奇怪他昨天沒(méi)有來(lái).

用it 做形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句常用的句型有:

It is possible / important / necessary / clear that… 很可能…… / 重要的是…… / 必要的是…… / 很清楚…… It is a pity that…. 很遺憾……

It is said / reported / well-known / that… 據說(shuō)…… / 據報道…… / 眾所周知……

It seems / appears / happens that… 顯然…… / 似乎是…… / 碰巧……

*** 使用It is possible / important / necessary / clear that…句型時(shí), 從句的謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣. (should + 動(dòng)詞原形), should可以省略. 例如:

It is necessary that we should learn some English grammar. 我們學(xué)一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法很有必要.

*** whether引導的主語(yǔ)從句, 常置于句首, 偶爾也能后置. 例如:

It is not yet known weather / if they will go there. 還不知道他們是否會(huì )去那兒

*** If不可以放在句首用來(lái)引導主語(yǔ)從句, 但偶見(jiàn)放在主句后面引導主語(yǔ)從句

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