《木兰诗》翻译赏析

时间：2020-08-24 18:01:41 木兰诗

《木兰诗》翻译赏析

　　《木兰诗》全诗以“木兰是女郎”来构思木兰的传奇故事，富有浪漫色彩;详略安排极具匠心，虽然写的是战争题材，但着墨较多的却是生活场景和儿女情态，富有生活气息;以人物问答及铺陈、排比、对偶、互文等手法描述人物情态，刻画人物心理，生动细致，神气跃然，使作品具有强烈的艺术感染力。

　　《木兰诗》

　　乐府诗集

　　唧唧复唧唧，木兰当户织。不闻机杼声，惟闻女叹息。

　　问女何所思?问女何所忆?女亦无所思，女亦无所忆。

　　昨夜见军帖，可汗大点兵。军书十二卷，卷卷有爷名。

　　阿爷无大儿，木兰无长兄。愿为市鞍马，从此替爷征。

　　东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯;南市买辔头，北市买长鞭。

　　旦辞爷娘去，暮至黄河边。不闻爷娘唤女声，但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅。

　　旦辞黄河去，暮宿黑山头。不闻爷娘唤女声，但闻燕山胡骑鸣啾啾。

　　万里赴戎机，关山度若飞。朔气传金析，寒光照铁衣。

　　将军百战死，壮士十年归。归来见天子，天子坐明堂。

　　策勋十二转，赏赐百千强。可汗问所欲，木兰不用尚书郎。愿借明驼千里足(愿驰千里足)，送儿还故乡。

　　爷娘闻女来，出郭相扶将。阿姊闻妹来，当户理红妆。小弟闻姊来，磨刀霍霍向猪羊。

　　开我东阁门，坐我西阁床。脱我战时袍，着我旧时裳。当窗理云鬓，对镜贴花黄。

　　出门看伙伴，伙伴皆惊惶。同行十二年，不知木兰是女郎!

　　雄兔脚扑朔，雌兔眼迷离。双兔傍地走，安能辨我是雄雌。

　　《木兰诗》英语翻译

　　The Song of Mulan

　　One sigh after another,

　　Mulan sat opposite the door weaving;

　　But no sound of the shuttle was heard,

　　Except the sighs of the girl.

　　When asked what she was pondering over,

　　When asked what she had called to mind,

　　Nothing special the girl was pondering over,

　　Nothing special the girl had called to mind.

　　"Last night I saw the draft dispatch,

　　The Khan is mustering a mighty army;

　　The roster consists of many muster rolls,

　　And every roll has Father’s name on it.

　　Father has no grown son,

　　Nor Mulan an elder brother;

　　I want to buy a saddle and a horse,

　　And from now on fight in place of my father."

　　In the eastern market she bought a fine steed,

　　In the western market a saddle and a pad,

　　In the southern market a bridle,

　　In the northern market a long whip.

　　At daybreak she bid farewell to her parents,

　　At sunset she bivouacked by the Yellow River;

　　What met her ear was no longer her parents’ call,

　　But the gurgles and splashes of the rushing waters.

　　At daybreak she left the Yellow River,

　　At sunset she arrived at the top of the Black Hill;

　　What met her ear was no longer her parents’ call,

　　But the Hun horses neighing in the Yanshan Mountains.

　　On the expedition of thousands of miles to the war,

　　She dashed across mountains and passes as if in flight;

　　In the chilly northern air night watches clanged,

　　In the frosty moonlight mailed coats glistened.

　　Generals laid down their lives in a hundred battles,

　　And valiant soldiers returned after ten years in the service.

　　When she returned to an audience with the Son of Heaven,

　　The Son of Heaven sat in the Hall of Brightness.

　　A promotion of many ranks was granted her for her merits,

　　With a reward that amounted to thousands of strings of cash.

　　The Khan asked Mulan what she desired to do,

　　"I don't need any high official position,

　　Please lend me a sturdy camel that is fleet of foot,

　　And send me bank to my hometown.

　　When her parents heard their daughter was coming,

　　They walked out of the town, each helping the other;

　　When her elder sister heard the younger sister was coming,

　　She decked herself out in her best by the door;

　　When her younger brother heard his elder sister was coming,

　　He whetted a knife and aimed it at a pig and a sheep.

　　"I opened the door of my east chamber,

　　And then sat down on the bed in my west chamber;

　　Taking off the mailed coat worn in wartime,

　　I attired myself in my apparel of former times;

　　By the window I combed and coiffed my cloudy hair,

　　Before the mirror I adorned my forehead with a yellow pattern."

　　When she came out to meet her battle companions,

　　They were all astounded and thrown into bewilderment.

　　Together they had been in the army for a dozen years or so,

　　Yet none had ever known that Mulan was actually a girl.

　　The male rabbit kicks its fluffy feet as it scampers,

　　The eyes of female rabbit are blurred by fluffy tufts of hair,

　　But when they run side by side in the field,

　　You can hardly tell the doe from the buck!

　　《木兰诗》赏析

　　《木兰诗》是中国南北朝时期北方的一首长篇叙事民歌，也是一篇乐府诗。记述了木兰女扮男装，代父从军，征战沙场，凯旋回朝，建功受封，辞官还家的故事，充满传奇色彩。

　　第一段，写木兰决定代父从军。诗以“唧唧复唧唧”的织机声开篇，展现“木兰当户织”的情景。然后写木兰停机叹息，无心织布，不禁令人奇怪，引出一问一答，道出木兰的心事。木兰之所以“叹息”，不是因为儿女的心事，而是因为天子征兵，父亲在被征之列，父亲既已年老，家中又无长男，于是决定代父从军。

　　第二段，写木兰准备出征和奔赴战场。“东市买骏马……”四句排比，写木兰紧张地购买战马和乘马用具，表示对此事的极度重视，只用了两天就走完了，夸张地表现了木兰行进的神速、军情的紧迫、心情的急切，使人感到紧张的战争氛围。其中写“黄河流水鸣溅溅”“燕山胡骑鸣啾啾”之声，还衬托了木兰的思亲之情。

　　第三段，概写木兰十来年的征战生活。“万里赴戎机，关山度若飞”，概括上文“旦辞……”八句的内容，夸张地描写了木兰身跨战马，万里迢迢，奔往战场，飞越一道道关口，一座座高山。寒光映照着身上冰冷的铠甲。“将军百战死，壮士十年归”，概述战争旷日持久，战斗激烈悲壮。将士们十年征战，历经一次次残酷的战斗，有的战死，有的归来。而英勇善战的木兰，则是有幸生存、胜利归来的将士中的一个。

　　第四段，写木兰还朝辞官。先写木兰朝见天子，然后写木兰功劳之大，天子赏赐之多，再说到木兰辞官不就，愿意回到自己的故乡。“木兰不用尚书郎”而愿“还故乡”，固然是她对家园生活的眷念，但也自有秘密在，即她是女儿身。天子不知底里，木兰不便明言，颇有戏剧意味。

　　第五段，写木兰还乡与亲人团聚。先以父母姊弟各自符合身份、性别、年龄的举动，描写家中的欢乐气氛，展现浓郁的亲情;再以木兰一连串的行动，写她对故居的亲切感受和对女儿妆的喜爱，一副天然的女儿情态，表现她归来后情不自禁的喜悦;最后作为故事的结局和全诗的高潮，是恢复女儿装束的木兰与伙伴相见的喜剧场面。

　　第六段，用比喻作结。以双兔在一起奔跑，难辨雌雄的隐喻，对木兰女扮男装、代父从军多年未被发现的奥秘加以巧妙的解答，妙趣横生而又令人回味。

　　其诗中几件事的`描绘详略得当，一，二，三，六，七段详写木兰女儿情怀，四，五段略写战场上的英雄气概。从内容上突出儿女情怀，丰富英雄性格，是人物形象更真实感人。结构上使全诗显得简洁，紧凑。

　　这首诗塑造了木兰这一不朽的人物形象，既富有传奇色彩，而又真切动人。木兰既是奇女子又是普通人，既是巾帼英雄又是平民少女，既是矫健的勇士又是娇美的女儿。她勤劳善良又坚毅勇敢，淳厚质朴又机敏活泼，热爱亲人又报效国家，不慕高官厚禄而热爱和平生活。

　　这首诗具有浓郁的民歌特色。全诗以“木兰是女郎”来构思木兰的传奇故事，富有浪漫色彩。繁简安排极具匠心，虽然写的是战争题材，但着墨较多的却是生活场景和儿女情态，富有生活气息。诗中以人物问答来刻画人物心理，生动细致;以众多的铺陈排比来描述行为情态，神气跃然;以风趣的比喻来收束全诗，令人回味。这就使作品具有强烈的艺术感染力。

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